Tugas Bhs. Inggris Bisnis 2 : Membuat Karangan " Kenapa saya memilih jurusan Manajemen"

WHY I CHOOSE MANAGEMENT MAJORS

From childhood I aspire to be a lawyer and entrepreneur, but my parents more advised me to be an entrepreneur. When choosing the majors in high school I was told my teachers go IPA majors but my parents told me to enter IPS so I like the economy and start learning about the economy. I started to love economic lessons, every Tuesday and Thursday I always had the spirit to come to school because there is an economic lesson but my ideals who want to become lawyers are not lost.

By the end of 2013 I graduated from high school and I started to make my choice, every test in my first choice course was law and second choice management, my SBMPTN test failed because I learned less than the maximum and the university that I took was too high then I took the test UMBPTN is the same as my previous choice of choosing the first department of law and both management but in different universities with SBMPTN, I choose Diponegoro University. After waiting for some UMBPTN results came out and I declared  majoring in law diponegoro university I am happy but my parents do not allow me to study in semarang because in jawa tengah I do not have relatives who live there my parents told me to go to private lectures in jabodetabek , Because my brother many who live in jabodetabek and my parents who live in the field also often to jakarta I  wishes my parents, I choose two private universities in jabodetabek that is university pancasila and gunadarma, university pancasila I choose law and gunadarma I chose the management and after enrolling in the univetsitas I see semester money in university Pancasila too expensive and finally I decided to choose a university Gunadarma majoring in management. Although management majors are my second choice after college in management I really like college in management majors.

Tugas Bhs. Inggris bisnis 2 : Present tense dan Present Perfect tense

New Zealand: IMF Staff Concluding Statement of the 2017 Article IV Mission

March 6, 2017

A Concluding Statement describes the preliminary findings of IMF staff at the end of an official staff visit (or ‘mission’), in most cases to a member country. Missions are undertaken as part of regular (usually annual) consultations under Article IV of the IMF's Articles of Agreement, in the context of a request to use IMF resources (borrow from the IMF), as part of discussions of staff monitored programs, or as part of other staff monitoring of economic developments.

The authorities have consented to the publication of this statement. The views expressed in this statement are those of the IMF staff and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF’s Executive Board. Based on the preliminary findings of this mission, staff will prepare a report that, subject to management approval, will be presented to the IMF Executive Board for discussion and decision.

New Zealand is enjoying a strong expansion driven by record high net migration, strong construction activity, and accommodative monetary policy. Policy challenges lie in managing the pressures of strong growth on infrastructure and on housing, particularly in Auckland. Easing housing supply constraints will be important to safeguard the long-term attractiveness of New Zealand for skilled labor and business. The review under the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) concluded that the financial sector appears to be sound and that its resilience could be further enhanced by expanding the macroprudential toolkit to be ready to manage remaining risks from high household debt if needed; increasing capital buffer requirements to reflect concentration in the financial sector; and strengthening financial sector oversight and crisis resolution regimes.

Context

1. New Zealand has enjoyed a solid economic expansion in recent years.Construction has been an important driver, with above average residential investment ratios, accommodative monetary policy has supported demand more broadly, and the economy has absorbed and benefited from increasingly stronger net migration. House prices have increased rapidly, while household debt (as a percent of income) is high and rising. Despite the deployment of macroprudential measures, related macro-financial vulnerabilities have been a concern. Inflation has mostly been below the Reserve Bank of New Zealand’s (RBNZ) 1-3 percent target range, partly reflecting the weak global economy, and the New Zealand dollar has stayed relatively strong. The terms of trade have remained above average, although dairy price declines in 2014-15 led to losses and some financial distress in the sector.

2. The economy has picked up further momentum. Real GDP growth accelerated to about 4½ percent through 2016, with broad-based strength in demand and employment, rather than weakening as expected earlier. The unexpected strength reflected in part more persistent increases in net migration and stronger consumption, and as a result, the economy is now operating broadly at capacity. Headline inflation returned back into the target range in 2016Q4, reflecting the rebound in oil prices and a recovery in non-tradables inflation. Housing markets have remained buoyant, although house price growth in Auckland has slowed.

Outlook and Risks

3. The baseline outlook is favorable. Economic growth is projected to remain strong and above trend into 2018, with subsequent moderation toward trend growth of around 2¾ percent. Near-term strength is underpinned by investment, including residential and infrastructure investment, the production impact of the recent recovery in dairy prices, and with further, albeit moderating, net migration adding to demand. Inflation is projected to rise gradually toward the 2 percent mid-point of the RBNZ target range.

4. Household debt vulnerabilities are expected to stabilize in the medium term but will remain high. Tighter macroprudential policies, higher interest rates, moderating net migration, and easing housing supply constraints should result in lower house price increases. As credit growth slows, in turn, household debt will stabilize relative to income at high levels in international comparison, and banks’ international net wholesale funding needs will moderate, containing related vulnerabilities.

5. Risks to the near-term growth outlook have become more balanced. There are upside risks from both stronger net migration and terms of trade. With stronger activity and incomes, house price increases would likely speed up. On the downside, tighter external financial conditions and macroprudential constraints could slow credit, investment, and growth.

6. Rising household debt remains a risk to financial stability. It would amplify a high-impact downside shock—which would likely be external— through household deleveraging and a housing correction. While the FSAP found banks to be generally resilient, there would be feedback effects to the financial sector and, possibly, bank balance sheet stress in a drawn-out downturn, including through the impact on other borrowers as aggregate demand falls. In addition, if dairy prices decline under such a downside shock, the sector could experience financial stress.^{Type 2}

Policies

7. Economic policies should focus on managing risks and opportunities from strong economic and population growth. Macroeconomic policy settings are broadly appropriate. Containing household balance sheet vulnerabilities will be critical for financial sector stability while underlying demand-supply imbalances in the housing market are being addressed. Providing infrastructure and the services needed to promote human and knowledge-based capital will be essential for maintaining growth opportunities.

Macroeconomic management

8. Current monetary policy settings appropriately address low inflation. Inflation is expected to return gradually to the mid-point of the target range. Risks to inflation are broadly balanced. But downside risks still are a bigger concern after a long period of inflation below target, strong labor force growth, and the fact that some of the recent uptick in inflation was temporary because of higher oil prices. If there was an unexpected upshift in the inflation path, including, for example, because of stronger domestic or global growth, domestic financial conditions would tighten in response, thereby reducing further upside risks to actual inflation.^{Type 3}

9. The strong fiscal position provides room to accommodate the needs from strong population growth. Compared to the previous budget, the updated baseline expenditure path already incorporates higher infrastructure spending and new growth-friendly measures, as discussed below. This is expected to result in a positive fiscal impulse in the current fiscal year. With the economy approaching full capacity, this impulse is helpful. Current budget plans appropriately imply a counter-cyclical fiscal stance going forward. Stronger-than-expected revenue for cyclical reasons should be used to reduce public debt.

Strengthening macro-financial resilience

10. While prospectively stabilizing at a high level in the medium term, housing-related macro-financial vulnerabilities are expected to increase in the near term.A root cause of these vulnerabilities is a demand-supply imbalance in the housing market, especially in Auckland, which has resulted in a house price boom and overvaluation, and high levels of household debt. The authorities have taken steps to enable more housing supply (see paragraph 14). Even with these measures (which could be broadened), the resolution of demand-supply imbalances will take time, and vulnerabilities should be contained with macroprudential policies in the meantime.

11. The RBNZ’s macroprudential toolkit needs broadening. Exposure limits to high loan-to-value ratios (LVRs) have reduced the potential losses on bank balance sheets if a household defaults.^{Type 2} But they do not protect banks against an increase in the number of households defaulting, the probability of which has increased with the rising debt-to-income (DTI) ratios on new loans. To strengthen household balance sheet resilience and reduce the probability of household defaults under downside shocks, the macroprudential toolkit should be extended to include a DTI or (stressed) DSTI instrument, in line with recommendations by the FSAP. These directly target the most acute household vulnerability. Other macroprudential instruments available to the RBNZ are approaching their practical limit (LVRs) or address the problem indirectly, with limited effectiveness and higher risks of unintended consequences. The new instrument should be activated in the event that effects of the most recent macroprudential package on credit growth prove to be temporary.

12. Bank balance sheet resilience should be strengthened further through increases in bank capital requirements under the ongoing RBNZ capital review.The large banks feature a strong similarity in business models with a high risk concentration in mortgage lending and the dairy sector and significant reliance on foreign funding, which adds a systemic risk dimension. Hence, aiming for capital adequacy ratios for New Zealand’s large banks that are somewhat higher than the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority’s (APRA’s) “unquestionably strong” capital targets for the large Australian banks could be a reasonable benchmark.

13. Upgrades to oversight and crisis resolution regimes would add to financial system resilience. The FSAP has identified several areas in which the authorities are encouraged to undertake structural upgrades, including : (i) to increase the weight of regulatory discipline in order to reinforce self and market discipline in New Zealand’s three-pillar approach to bank regulation; (ii) to foster even stronger home-host supervisory cooperation with APRA; (iii) to adopt current reform plans to align the regulatory and supervisory framework for financial market infrastructure with international standards; (iv) to broaden the regulatory perimeter for the asset management industry; and (v) to clarify the operation of the Open Bank Resolution framework and strengthen the financial safety net.

Supporting growth opportunities

14. Measures to lift potential growth should focus on leveraging the benefits from high net migration, innovation, and interconnectedness. These benefits could help compensate for New Zealand’s remoteness and small market size. The following policies would seem most promising in this respect:

·         Targeting housing supply bottlenecks more broadly would safeguard the attractiveness for high-skilled immigration and business. Measures, such as the Auckland Unitary Plan and the Housing Infrastructure Fund, should be complemented by a comprehensive reform of urban planning legislation and measures to support local infrastructure financing. The latter could include some central government funding (given wider agglomeration benefits), more efficient property taxation, and user charges.

·         Redirecting saving incentives from housing to other investments. A broader capital gains tax on real estate would lower the incentives for investment in housing. Limiting negative gearing for rental properties would work in a similar direction.

·         Providing support for innovation. These efforts could go beyond the current budget announcement of the “Innovative New Zealand” program, which increased financing for science and some R&D grants, and subsidies for tertiary education by 0.1 percent of total annual spending. If the pilot is successful, spending should be ramped up.
^{Type 1}

·         Continuing efforts toward further trade liberalization, in regional and multilateral fora, as intended. Expanding access to service export markets would also strengthen domestic services sector productivity. Even broader market access for agricultural products would also help, including by raising incentives for diversification and innovation in the sector.

The IMF mission would like to thank the authorities and counterparts in the private sector and other organizations for engaging discussions.

Keterangan :

  ü  Conditional sentence

  ü  Present tense

  ü  Present perfect tense

Sumber : https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2017/03/06/ms030617-New-Zealand-Concluding-Statement-of-the-2017-Article-IV-Mission

Conditional Sentence (if clause)

      1.Kalau sekarang hujan, maka motor saya basah.

If it is raining now, then my motorcycle is wet. (Conditional type 0)

2.       Seandainya nanti saya lulus, saya akan mendapat hadiah.

If I graduate later, I will get a present. (Conditional type 1)

3.       Kalau saja tadi pagi saya sakit perut, maka saya tidak akan kuliah.

If I had stomachache this morning, I would not go to college. (Conditional type 2)

4.       Seandainya saya burung, saya akan terbang ke langit.

If I am a bird, I will fly to the sky. (Conditional type 1)

5.       Jika kita makan satu apel setiap hari, maka tubuh kita sehat.

If we eat an apple every day, then our body is healthy. (Conditional type 0)

6.       Seandainya nanti saya pulang cepat, saya akan mampir ke rumahmu.

If I go home earlier later, I will come to your house. (Conditional type 1)

7.       Jika saja dulu saya belajar dengan rajin, maka 6 bulan lagi saya di wisuda.

If I had studied diligently, I would be graduated 6 months later. (Conditional type 3)

8.       Seandainya saya daun, kamu batangnya.

If I am a leaf, you are the stem. (Conditional type 0)

9.       Kalau saja nanti saya menjadi bos, saya akan menikahi kamu.

If I become a boss someday, I will marry you. (Conditional type 1)

10.   Kalau saja tadi pagi hujan besar, jalan Margonda akan macet.

If it rained heavily this morning, Margonda street would be jammed. (Conditional type 1)

 

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT – 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE AND 15 ERROR ANALYSIS (Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2)

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT - 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE

1) Lina …… the match in Olympic Games. She is so sad.

A. won

B. lost

C. jumped

D. celebrated

2) I went to dentist yesterday because my ….. were in pain.

A. hands

B. fingers

C. teeth

D. ears

3) A : Can you help me?

     B  : Yes, of course. What can I do for you?

     A  : Please, ….. this bag to my room.

     B   : Yes, Sir.

A. bring

B. help

C. give

D. Has

4) This exercise was too ….. for me. I got score 100.

A. difficult

B. easy

C. expensive

D. high

5) Diana’s barbie is broken. Diana is very …… now.

A. confuse

B. sad

C. happy

D. charm

6) The teacher’s duty is to ….. the students in the school.

A. teach

B. play

C. make

D. work

7) Luna is celebrating her birthday.

     Now Luna feels ……

A. angry

B. dusty

C. easy

D. happy

8) Mia : Adi, your shoes are so fit in your …… . You look georgeus.

     Adi  : Thank you.

A. finger

B. lip

C. hand

D. feet

9) The clown is so …… . He makes all kids laugh and happy.

A. funny

B. quiet

C. noisy

D. disgusting

10) I am so hungry. So, I …… a meal .

A. prepare

B. walk

C. kick

D. wear

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT – 15 Error Analysis
1. error : Formal trousers is required for this dinner party
    Correction : Formal trousers are required for this dinner party
2. Error : Her friend and mentor were one of her college professors
    Correction : Her friend and mentor was one of her college professors
3. Error : Neither a dog nor a cat offer the same companionship as another
    Correction : Neither a dog nor a cat offers the same companionship as another
4. Error : On the other side of the street is a restaurant and a clothing store.
    Correction : On the other side of the street are a restaurant and a clothing store
5. Error : In the back seat of his car was three books and his briefcase.
    Correction : In the back seat of his car were three books and his briefcase.
6. Error : Three hours are not going to be enough time to travel that distance
    Correction : Three hours is not going to be enough time to travel that distance
7. Error : The pressure of academic life can sometimes tempt students to cheat
    Correction : The pressure of academic life can sometimes tempts students to cheat
8. Error : Everyone in the group were supposed to meet at the front gate at 7:00.
    Correction : Everyone in the group was supposed to meet at the front gate at 7:00.
9. Error : The professor, along with many of his students, are preparing for the end of the semester.
    Correction : The professor, along with many of his students, is preparing for the end of the semester.
10. Error : Each of these books were useful in my grammar review.
    Correction : Each of these books was useful in my grammar review

11. Error : I don't think either of these cars are reliable enough for a long road trip.
    Correction : I don't think either of these cars is reliable enough for a long road trip.
12. Error : The criteria for passing the exam is becoming more difficult.
    Correction : The criteria for passing the exam are becoming more difficult.
13. Error : My favorite literature to read are modern American poetry
    Correction : My favorite literature to read is modern American poetry
14. Error : Algebra and geometry is the only math courses being offered this semester.
    Correction : Algebra and geometry are the only math courses being offered this semester
15. Error : Athletics have been a matter of increasing interest among women.
    Correction : Athletics has been a matter of increasing interest among women.

Referensi :
http://www.bigbanktheories.com/25-contoh-soal-vocabulary-test-pilihan-ganda-dan-jawabannya/
http://www.lonestar.edu/departments/biology/answers_Agreement_of_Subject_and_Verb.pdf